In this article, we consider the links between the process of Islamic radicalization and the notion of fiction. It is in the construction of the symptom – because we postulate that radicalization is a symptom in the psychoanalytic sense – that a form of fiction is lodged, as well as in its articulation with the religious passion, which also derives from a fable under its mystical aspect. The use of fictionalization is a well-known way to withstand reality that is also observed in radicalized subjects. The use of historical signifiers, the choice of a pseudonym with an Arabic sound and rich meaning, anchor the subjects in a fictional universe of their choice. Finally, the methods of propaganda used by jihadists make extensive use of fictions known for their Hollywood character. For all these reasons, we can propose that imagination and creation are likely to participate in the radicalization process. However, the fiction of radicalization differs from religious fiction in that it inherently contains strong nuances of fanaticism and intolerance supporting the violent actions that characterize it.